Ciprofloxacin – Fluoroquinolone Antibiotic (Rx)

Ciprofloxacin is a broad-spectrum fluoroquinolone antibiotic used to treat a wide range of bacterial infections. It works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes essential for DNA replication, transcription, and repair, leading to bacterial cell death.

It is commonly prescribed for infections such as urinary tract infections (UTIs), respiratory tract infections, gastrointestinal infections, skin infections, and certain sexually transmitted infections. Ciprofloxacin is particularly effective against many Gram-negative bacteria.

Key Details

• Active Ingredient: Ciprofloxacin
• Drug Class: Fluoroquinolone antibiotic
• Indications:
  • Urinary tract infections (UTIs)
  • Respiratory tract infections
  • Gastrointestinal infections (e.g., traveler’s diarrhea)
  • Skin and soft tissue infections
  • Bone and joint infections
• Mechanism of Action: Inhibits DNA gyrase & topoisomerase IV → bactericidal effect
• Spectrum: Broad-spectrum (strong Gram-negative coverage)
• Prescription Status: Prescription-only medicine

Specifications

• Dosage Forms:
  • Oral tablets
  • Oral suspension
  • Intravenous (IV) infusion
  • Ophthalmic and otic solutions
• Common Strengths (oral): 250 mg, 500 mg, 750 mg
• Administration: Oral or IV depending on severity
• Dosing Frequency: Usually twice daily (varies by infection)
• Onset of Action: Within hours of administration
• Half-Life: ~4 hours
• Metabolism: Partial hepatic metabolism
• Excretion: Primarily renal
• Storage: Room temperature

Dosage & Administration

• Dose depends on type and severity of infection
• Typical adult oral dosing: 250–750 mg every 12 hours
• Complete the full prescribed course to prevent resistance
• Take with water; avoid taking simultaneously with antacids or calcium-rich products (they reduce absorption)

Compatibility / Suitable Use

• Adults with confirmed or suspected bacterial infections
• Patients requiring broad-spectrum antibiotic therapy
• Suitable for oral or IV treatment depending on severity
• Must be used under medical supervision

Contraindications

• Hypersensitivity to ciprofloxacin or other fluoroquinolones
• Use with tizanidine (contraindicated interaction)

Why Choose Ciprofloxacin?

Ciprofloxacin is a widely used broad-spectrum antibiotic with strong activity against Gram-negative bacteria. Its availability in multiple forms (oral and IV) and effectiveness in treating diverse infections make it a versatile option in clinical practice.